What are the signs of period coming?
Short answer: Common signs that a period is coming include cramping, breast tenderness, bloating, mood changes, and increased fatigue or appetite. These symptoms typically begin a few days to a week before bleeding and are caused by hormonal fluctuations in the menstrual cycle.
Explanation
In the luteal phase (after ovulation) levels of progesterone and, to a lesser extent, estrogen change; when they fall just before menstruation, the uterine lining begins to break down and prostaglandins are released. Prostaglandins can cause uterine cramping and systemic symptoms such as headaches, diarrhea, or nausea. Hormone shifts also affect fluid balance (bloating), breast tissue (tenderness), neurotransmitters (mood swings, irritability, anxiety), and appetite or cravings. Timing and symptom intensity vary between individuals and between cycles.
Tips
- Track your cycle and symptoms (calendar or app) to predict onset and patterns.
- Use heat, gentle exercise, or NSAIDs (ibuprofen/naproxen) for cramps—follow dosing guidance.
- Manage bloating with reduced salt, hydration, and light activity.
- Address mood changes with sleep hygiene, stress reduction, and support; consider professional help for severe symptoms (PMDD).
- If bleeding is very heavy, extremely irregular, or pain is disabling, consult a healthcare provider.
- Note that spotting can occur a day or two before full flow; if pregnancy is possible, consider testing for late or missed periods.
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